Maintenance of Fire Protection Systems & Equipment

By Russ Porteous

Australia has extensive legislation requiring building owners and occupiers of buildings to ensure the fire protection systems, equipment, and measures in buildings are working and being maintained. This article sets out a basic understanding of the legal framework and the structure of Australian Standard AS1851 for the Maintenance of Fire Protection Systems & Equipment.

The legal framework in Australia establishes mandatory requirements for the maintenance of fire protection systems and equipment.

In general terms, these mandatory requirements establish a simple requirement that an item of equipment, measure, system or form of construction shall be periodically inspected, tested, surveyed and maintained (maintenance) in a state fit to fulfill their intended purpose.

In most states of Australia, there is also mandatory reporting requirements of these activities to an authority having jurisdiction as a statutory declaration of compliance.

To support this framework and provide uniformity throughout the country, Standards Australia has been given the responsibility under a memorandum of understanding with the Australian Government to define minimum community standards for ‘maintenance’.

Australian Standard AS1851 (the Standard) sets out the requirement for the maintenance of a range of fire protection systems and equipment including:

  • Automatic Fire Sprinkler Systems
  • Fire Hydrant Systems & Valves
  • Fire Hose Reels
  • Fire Fighting Pump-sets
  • Fire Detection & Alarm Systems
  • Heat & Smoke Alarms
  • Emergency Warning & Intercommunication Systems
  • Portable Fire Extinguishers
  • Fire & Smoke Doors
  • Passive Fire Resistance
  • Heat & Smoke Control Measures of Mechanical Ventilation Systems
  • Emergency Evacuation Procedures, Preparedness & Response in Facilities

The Australian Standard AS1851 is developed and reviewed by a community of experienced industry professionals represented by subject matter experts, industry associations, consumers, government, and other invited parties.

Since the publication of the last edition of the Standard, in 2005, there has been established a committee who have been working to review and overhaul the Standard in line with developments in research, technology and shifting community standards.

The next edition of the Standard is expected to be published in 2012 and has already been subject to extensive community consultation and review.

There have been significant changes to the proposed 2012 edition of the Standard when compared to the 2005 edition including extensive changes to to improve the outcomes of maintenance to satisfy the legislative requirements, that is;

an item of equipment, measure, system or form of construction shall be periodically inspected, tested, surveyed and maintained (maintenance) in a state fit to fulfill their intended purpose.

To support this the Standard has been rationalised into 14 discrete sections (down from the 2005 edition of 19 sections) There has also been a great deal of emphasis on the documentation of ‘the approved design’ to provide maintenance contractors a ‘benchmark’ or a ‘required standard or performance’ to which the building was designed and approved for occupation.

From a technical perspective, there has been developments and changes in fire system design that have also required that the Standard bechangedtoensureitsobjectives remain current. Significantly, the principals of the Standard remain the same however the implementation has changed.

In essence, the Standard now sets out a uniform method of periodic inspections (monthly, 6-monthly, yearly, 5-yearly, 10-yearly and 25-yearly). These frequencies establish for each item of equipment a routine set of tasks that when undertaken are intended to provide a maintenance person a “pass or fail” response.

In this situation, where a ‘fail’ is identified, a closed-loop process of prioritisation, notification and maintenance is undertaken to minimise any adverse impact of the failure.

The following table is an example of the frequency at which each fire safetysystemoritemofequipment is inspected, tested, surveyed or maintained.

  Monthly3-Monthly6-MonthlyYearly5-Yearly10-Yearly25-Yearly
1Automatic Fire Sprinkler System
2Fire Pumpsets
3Fire Hydrant Systems
4aFire Hydrant Valves
4bWater Storage Tanks
5Fire Detection & Alarm Systems
6Special Hazards Systems
7Delivery Lay flat fire hose
8Fire Hose Reels
9Portable & Wheeled Fire Extinguishers
10Fire Blankets
11Passive Fire Systems
12Heat & Smoke Control Measures
13Emergency Response in Facilities

At the completion of all scheduled maintenance activities conducted throughout the year, contractors are also required to prepare a summary of all maintenance activities completed and a statement that at the time of the report, all items of equipment, systems, measures or forms of construction (covered by this Standard) are working in accordance with their approved design.

As a response to the development of this new edition of the Standard, the Fire Protection Association of Australia (the Association) has committed additional resources and money to promote industry understanding and training. This investment is expected to further the vision of the Association which is to “promote the protection of life, assets and the environment from fire and related emergencies.”

Australia has a long proud history of Standards development for the protection of life assets and the environment and is an active contributor to the International Standards Organisation (ISO).

The new edition of AS1851 is only one part of a multi-faceted approach to the maintenance of fire protection systems and equipment in Australia. The Fire Protection Association of Australia is advocating a complete legislative review, by all levels of Australian Government of legislation in Australia that promotesbothuniformityandease of implementation.

Russ Porteous

About the author

Russ Porteous is the CEO and one of the founders of Firewize Services Pty Ltd, he has over 22 years experience in the installation and maintenance of fire and essential safety measures. Russ is an elected Director of the Fire Protection Association of Australia, Chairman of the Technical Advice Committee TAC/01 on Fire Protection Maintenance, member and active contributor to a variety of Australian Standards including AS1851 for the Maintenance of Fire Protection Systems and Equipment. Russ speaks regularly at conferences and trade shows as a subject matter expert. You can follow Russ online via Twitter @rport or his popular fire safety blog, http://firewize.com/blog